This is exactly what higher-order functions do, without the ad-hoc OO junk that's slightly different in every language.
All this is just made explicit, and the boilerplate OOP mechanisms stripped away, when you just directly pass first-class functions around.
The key idea is delegating the type-specific operations to specific implementations which handle them, and then statically (at compile time) choosing which specific implementation you're calling.
In OCaml (ReasonML) you have to pass in the implementations manually, but Haskell and Scala have the ability to automatically choose the implementation based on the types of the arguments, so that it looks dynamic even though it's static and type-safe.