Stanford's NLP (Natural Language Processing = Computational Linguistics) course (taught by Chris Manning, one of the best known names in the field) is online, with both videos and transcripts available[1]. The standard intro textbook to the field is Jurafsky and Martin[2], which is an excellent read if you're at all interested in NLP/CompLing.

1: http://see.stanford.edu/see/lecturelist.aspx?coll=63480b48-8...

2: http://www.amazon.com/Speech-Language-Processing-Daniel-Jura...