This is all amplified when you have virtual teams. Those more complex conversations are more manageable when you are face to face. People can express how busy they are and how focused they are. IM doesn't have that luxury.
"Can I ask you a question?", in my personal experience, is usually a trap. If it was an easy question, the other person would have just asked it. Therefore, it's probably going to be a complex question that will take time and focus.
If more context is needed then it will have to be asked for - but this is no different than the first situation ("Can I ask you a question?"). Simply asking the question will optimize the response and conversation time in most scenarios, and will not slow it down in any.