My SW eng program did not even hint at these. Is there a good edX or coursera course that goes through more extensive material than the pdf? I'm also curious what tools are used by professionals? Matlab, simulink???
If you'd like a discount code (not worth the full price if your a SW eng) DM me on Twitter as I'm not sure I'm allowed to post it here.
When I did my MSc I did all my PID controllers in MATLAB/Simulink but since the actual code for a PID controller is very simple, it's easy to implement in Python or C++.
For implementing a PID loop, you can do it in pretty much any language you want -- it's relatively straightforward once you know the math. You can even do it in hardware via an analog circuit if you desire. However MATLAB / Simulink are commonly used when experimenting with system parameters due to the presence of straightforward plotting tools and numerical ODE solvers.
All of my own experience in controls (both as a student and professional) uses MATLAB/Simulink to model and generate controller code. Other tools are out there, but I don't know much about them.