As for your second question: please no. Of every 200 PhD students, only one ends up becoming a professor. Science is attractive enough as it is, despite pretty much every aspect of it (pay, overtime, job security, etc.) is abysmal.
Professor isn't the only career possible with a PhD.
It depends on the field. It basically is that way for some fields. Those fields are almost like pyramid schemes (not that the topics are worthless, but the economics behind the level of investment simply do not work). Clearly fields like computer science have all sorts of ways to directly use advanced skills outside of academia, but that's not the case always.