If I invite you over for dinner and tell you that I'm going to order Chinese food, but then I order Mexican food instead because the Chinese restaurant was closed, that's not a "false claim" and it's not fraud. It's simply incorrect (and annoying and perhaps shortsighted). Fraud requires bad faith. If you make a claim in good faith, then it is not fraud, even if it turns out that you are wrong.

If Tesla believes, in good faith, that their hardware is sufficient to enable full self-driving, them it is not fraud. They might be wrong. They might even be incompetent, but that's not the same as fraud. Obviously, if they do not believe their hardware is sufficient, then it is fraud.

Now, if Tesla sold you a car and told you that it is capable of fully self-driving right now, that would be indisputable fraud, because this claim cannot be made in good faith. This is what Theranos did. They did not claim that they had a potential solution. They claimed they had a completed product.