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Comment by amaterasu | Hacker News Reader

A couple of nice ones: `gq` for re-wrapping a visually selected block of text (<shift>-v is simplest) to your text width.

`=` for re-indenting a selection to your current shift-width settings etc. (or `gg=G` to just do the whole file)

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`gq` will work with a text object, so you don't need to go to the trouble of visually selecting a block. Say, for example, you have a mis-wrapped paragraph in a text file, providing your cursor is anywhere within that paragraph, `gqip` will rewrap the whole paragraph.

The nice thing about using `=` instead of `gq` is that you can “set equalprg” to something smarter than the internal Vim formatter, such as `fmt` or `par`:

    https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/manual/coreutils.html#fmt-invocation

    http://www.nicemice.net/par/

These formatters will do nice things like choose line breaks intelligently to reduce the raggedness of the right edge. I just tested `gqip` on a paragraph in a Markdown document here that was formatted with `fmt`: the `fmt` output put breaks in such that all but the last line was within one character of equal, whereas `gqip` had line lengths varying as much as 5 characters on a 72 character line length.

A quicker alternative to Shift-V, arrows, then `=` to reformat a paragraph with `fmt` is this:

    :map <F2> !}fmt -w72<CR>

That works anywhere inside the paragraph like with your `gqip`, but it uses the smarter `fmt` paragraph formatter.

Select your keystroke to taste. I chose F2 so long ago that I forget why that was a good idea at the time.

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