Long term costs of things, health care implication of issues like Pollution, and garbage littering(hygiene) are neglected. In fact this carelessness can be seen in other places like nutrition too.

Also general lack of respect for the law. Things like everyday corruption. And then lack of basic public hygiene, come to mind.

India had to do a lot of work to eradicate polio. It took quite literally decades.The next set of diseases which will be more like Diabetes, Thyroid related diseases, Malnutrition etc will be far harder to deal with.