Establishing guilt and intent doesn't seem like a good approach here, or at least it shouldn't be the usual approach. Wrongful imprisonment should trigger an automatic payout from the institution imprisoning you. Then allow a court case to establish if the case deserves a higher than normal payout because of the specific circumstances.

If these payouts are large enough they create pressure to both solve systematic problems and to punish individuals who cause abnormally high rates of wrongful imprisonment.