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Comment by codesushi42 | Hacker News Reader

Genuinely curious, which language do you find is better designed?

Most of them to be honest :)

Some languages do at least one thing particularly well, setting the standard in that regard. Some introduce or popularize new concepts that slowly see adoption elsewhere. Several make you think about programming in a different way. Some just have an overall elegance, unity, consistency or simplicity of design that make the whole greater than the sum of the parts.

Languages that check at least one of those boxes for me include C, C++, Lisp, F#, Haskell, Lua, Python, Elm, APL, SQL, ISPC and Rust (I don't claim to be an expert in all or even most of those languages). Other languages that seem interesting / different but I know almost nothing about include Erlang, Clojure, Smalltalk, Prolog, Forth, Coq, Idris and Kotlin. By contrast I've not really seen anything in Java that checks any of those boxes and isn't done better elsewhere (admittedly sometimes by languages that came later like C#).

Java popularised GC. GC wasn't taken seriously as an option for high performance code before Java, and it altered the mindset of the majority of programmers globally.

Java's biggest mistake IMO is checked exceptions.

Java is more notable for the things it left out than what it added. It was designed for success and achieved more than most of the languages you list.

I don't love Java. However there are many cases in which it's still the best option.

I'd argue that GC still isn't taken seriously as an option for high performance code by people who actually write high performance code and Java is not the language of choice when performance is a primary goal. The lack of value types hurts it there even compared to other similar GC languages like C#.

Tell that to the high-frequency-trader crowd, they almost use java exclusivly, because even 1ms equals a few thousands to them, correctness is apparently worth it for them.

My understanding is that C++ is commonly used in that domain due to the performance requirements, though I don't know how common Java is relatively. C++ is used enough that there is a performance focused Study Group SG14 on the standards committee that explicitly includes trading as a use case: https://groups.google.com/a/isocpp.org/forum/m/#!forum/sg14

I'm from the games programming world where C++ still dominates for performance reasons. Where GC is widely used with C# in Unity, Unity are building their own C# compiler without GC for performance critical code (the Burst compiler) and GC is a major cause of performance issues in existing Unity games.

C++ and another non GC language (Fortran) are also the most used languages for HPC ( High Performance Computing) in scientific computing.

C and C++ also dominate in performance sensitive and resource constrained embedded programming.

It's amusing to see someone defend absence of GC by talking about how niche that's become ;)

I don't really know what you mean. I took issue with the claim that Java demonstrated that GC was suitable for high performance code and pointed out that even though GC is more common today than it was when Java came out that it is still avoided in applications that prioritize performance. Maybe those are 'niche' but some of them are rather large niches and there are several of them.

I personally don't find GC very useful nor do I think it's a particularly good idea and it's great to see new languages like Rust taking new approaches to memory management but I recognize that it's now the default in the majority of applications that don't prioritize performance or deal with severe resource constraints and that many programmers find it valuable. There are actually several languages I like that rely on a GC, Java is just not one of them.

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