I'm not a native speaker, but "perform this task, for i in {1,2,3}" seems to make sense as a prose. At least it does in French, when translated literally.
personally as a native speaker it has alwaus made sense to me in the sense of saying "for these given constraints, loop while they are maintained" for the arithmetic style for loop, and "for each of these elements" for the more iterator based style.
In python it makes sense but when you have `for(let i=0; I<length; I++)` it makes less sense
"for all i smaller than length, starting at 0". It doesn't really map perfectly because in math you usually don't care about the order, so a for loop actually contains more information than the statement it's trying to mimic.