And we're generally lagging behind when it comes to digital solutions, so I would expect other countries to be ahead of the curve and no longer using SMS for anything important.
ID cards that support cryptographic functions (such as Estonia's National ID [2], or in the US, DoD CACs [3]) would go a long way to fixing these problems.
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medallion_signature_guarantee
The ID card technically comes with a PIN and there were supposed to be special readers that could be used with a handful of authorized online services to verify your identity but as far as I can tell not much came from that as end users would have needed to buy special hardware and services interested in using that would have required special licensing or something.
That said, SMS is less secure than e-mail, so this seems like an odd choice these days (much like magnetic stripes rather than chip and pin).