https://github.com/jemmybutton/fiziko
There's an excellent blog post by the author with many more illustrations but I can't find it right now. Edit: found it!
I write texts that are free, so I am unable to pay someone to do it. At this point I use Asymptote, which does a very good job in the accuracy area and is perfectly professional in appearance. But I just love these figures and I wish I could convince my computer to turn them out.
As for computer generating that style, I might look for brushes for Photoshop/GIMP/Illustrator/Inkscape that produce the style you are looking for, and then reverse engineer those or use scripting capabilities of whichever tool to produce the figures.