No-one yet mentioned expect [0][1], which is the most amazing, general-purpose automation tool I've ever used.

IMHO it's creator Don Libes [2] is an original-thinker/innovator in the same league as Ousterhout.

[0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expect?

[1] https://www.tcl.tk/man/expect5.31/expect.1.html?

[2] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Don_Libes