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If you mean can you use S3 and Route53 etc. while hosting your servers somewhere other than AWS, absolutely - people do that all the time.

However in the Route53 case there are a few automatic integrations that only work with other AWS services. Not that big a deal though.

I'm not sure whether you're confusing AWS for some specific component of AWS, or whether you're just stating that competitors exist for those techs

But for the former: AWS is a whole suite of tools -- the specified technologies (cloudfront, S3, etc) are individual (and mostly decoupled) tools within that suite

One of my many AWS pet hates is that they have a service called Amazon WorkSpaces, i.e. AWS.

Sounds like they are saying that you can have an S3 equivalent and DNS services without being on AWS. Which is true and most of the time less expensive.

You can if your company can afford to pay enough to hire an entire devops team in a short time.