> An Israeli startup tried electric cars with battery swapping and failed miserably.

I believe it’s a killer flaw to over-interpret the failure of a novel technology and/or business model.

Yesterday’s miserable failure may be tomorrow’s runaway success given some refinements or the better availability of component technology and/or the readiness of the market.

Over the decades I’ve experienced a few - one of the more memorable examples for me is the Apple Newton. A pretty miserable failure at the time. Fast forward a couple of decades, and most of us are now carrying the logical evolution of that device in our pockets, whether it be made by Apple or others.