1. Ongoing discrimination 2. Different starting points + law of large numbers.
If you start one racial group off in a country with property and let them acquire wealth for a few hundred years, then free another racial group from slavery with absolutely nothing - even after a long while those wealth differences will persist.
IMHO trying to find cultural fit is a form of ongoing discrimination[1] and it strengthens the effect of different starting points[2].
India is countering [2] by enforcing a 50% quota in education, Jobs, and politics. AFAIK West on the other hand is wishing it to vanish without doing anything concrete.
India is taking right steps in the right direction and I am hopeful this will vanish as generation born with caste concepts die off slowly.
I was recently talking with someone in China who claimed that the Uighurs could not be oppressed because they are given advantages in hiring/education, and that America would never do the same for black people.
Suffice to say, the US does engage in extensive aff action in education and hiring (although neither are directly legally mandated).
Yes there is discrimination but India is fighting it on policy and social level. Reserving 50% in education and jobs is one such big step. India's constitution was written by a a Dalit. Many people from the held high offices. Current prime minister and president are from the same community.
> Suffice to say, the US does engage in extensive aff action in education and hiring (although neither are directly legally mandated).
Is it measured? If not than how you know?
Absolutely, not my intention by my comment - more just recounting a similar phenomenon in a different discussion.
> India is fighting it on policy and social level
I'm not contesting that either! But of course there is still more work to be done.
> Is it measured? If not than how you know?
Affirmative action is quite well known in the United States. You can see the documents from the SFFA v. Harvard lawsuit, for instance, to see how the SAT score cutoff differs by race & ethnicity.
Thanks I didn't knew that. Having said that Harvard and Stanford is last rung. Those who are able to reach those places are already prevailed I would argue. Is there similar affirmitive action in place on lower levels as well?
India has it across the board which help more IMHO. Some communities have used it so much that now debate within the lower sections have started that reservation should be taken away after 3 generations.[1]
Given that 90% of people from India in SWE seem to be from higher caste (I don't really know the exact statistic but it is something like that), then it seems like the reservation is still needed.
Yes Reservation is still needed. India is big and people who got oppressed under colonial rule would take a few generations more to come up.
Bigger issue is exploitation of caste lines for politics.