But I'm cynical, so I also think that terrorism is often just masqueraded greed, a money grab under the guise of doing something political.
The other involves financial loss and probably a temporary shut-down of one or more hospitals.
Frankly, a cyberattack is the kind of thing a hospital can and should be hardened against. This is an administrative and regulatory failure being dressed up as "terrorism."
Criminals that use ransomware should be prosecuted and sent to prison, not disappeared to Guantanamo Bay and tortured.
I worked on critical systems in the energy sector and while we were buried in federal compliance paperwork, the systems and software were always a target that was evolving and hard to keep up with. The energy management system was a huge bureaucratic battle between IT and engineering and there were compromises made (that I didn't always agree with) for the sake of support and maintainability within the IT tech landscape. For compliance reasons, and because the system is "offline", upgrades and patches were really challenging and honestly kind of terrifying. The risk of taking something down and impacting grid operations was harrowing. It really made our small team reticent to touch anything. I don't envy these hospitals, it's a really tough battle to ensure your systems are always up to date, locked down, and operational.
Also, a hospital going down is not a small problem. My wife is an ICU doctor for a large hospital and her patients' are sometimes hanging on by a thread. If they lost their EHR and patient history, I imagine that would present a really scary challenge. It's not just financial.
Strictly speaking, if people we don't like attack a hospital it's a war crime; if we do it, it's an accident.
> so how is it not terrorism?
Murdering civilians during a war is a war crime; that doesn't mean murder automatically equals terrorism outside of war.
Note that Doctors Without Borders believes it was deliberate.
And yes, it matters if an enemy or friend does it. That's so obvious to not merit discussion.
First it was terrorism because it's deliberate; now it's terrorism because it creates confusion, death and fear.
Here's just one example that checks all those boxes and is, of course, not terrorism: