I think Ben Thompson does a good job laying out the situation fairly in this article: https://stratechery.com/2019/neither-and-new-lessons-from-ub...

It’s not exactly a primer on the good faith arguments for employee vs contractor, but it does break down where each classification works and where each is problematic, and he comes to the conclusion that neither is appropriate to capture (in relation to CA’s gig classification bill from last year) “the protections and revenue-collection apparatus that California deems necessary while still preserving the flexibility and market-driven scalability that make these consumer welfare-generating platforms possible.”