Any system where you "would much rather an exception be raised immediately and crater the caller" is by definition an OLTP type system, which is a really bad fit for queues.
Lots of bad experiences with queues don't necessarily mean that queues aren't useful tools. They're just tools—they have a time and a place. If you've tried integrating with an email or SMS gateway, or a legacy rate limited bank you might have a different experience. Or dealing with slow job execution combined with spiky high speed job creation.
Depends entirely on the problem, and probably the solution team and constraints as well. Don't think it makes sense to dismiss them out of hand for all problems, though—just as it doesn't make sense to claim that they should be used for each and every problem.