The Hesiod system [0] used at MIT in the 80s is based on DNS. It stored things like user (passwd) entries and which is the mail server for an account as DNS TXT records. You could just query the DNS server but there were also dedicated tools. [1]
[0] https://debathena.mit.edu/trac/wiki/Hesiod [1] http://www.mit.edu/afs.new/athena/project/ctraining/presenta...