See Markdown Preview Enhanced: https://marketplace.visualstudio.com/items?itemName=shd101wy...
Or add Mermaid to the built-in markdown preview: https://marketplace.visualstudio.com/items?itemName=bierner....
You can also edit and enjoy these markdown pages with diagrams on Mac, iPad, iPhone: https://www.mweb.im/
Lastly, if anyone is not sure what to diagram for readers of architecture.md, consider the C4 model: