It's possible that my somewhat slower rate of thinking is partly or mostly offset by more effective thinking, based on decades of experience, but I'm definitely not sure that's the case.
My professional experience is an advantage, but it's also a disadvantage at times. 20-25 years ago, I knew quite a bit about how virtual memory performed on the same program running under HPUX 9 and AIX 4. Woot? (Yes I understand that such 'ancient' knowledge and experience probably produces mental pathways that helpfully apply to more modern considerations. Probably.) (Spoiler: virtual memory performance on HPUX 9 and 10 (at least) was abysmal.)
To the main point of the article: it's complicated, but, agreeing with various sibling comments, I'm pretty certain that the right kinds of pressure/stress, in the right conditions, at the right times, etc etc, will effectively speed up the rate of thought. That agrees with my experience.
Normal disclaimer applies: human brains are radically and often absurdly different, and one person's experience will, on average, shed very little if any light on another person's experiences.