Most of a supermarket's layout is determined by hard requirements like refrigeration, stocking heavy items and handling payments.
If you're wondering why, for instance, the milk is in the back, it's because it needs to stay cool and it's heavy.
If you're wondering why, for instance, the milk is in the back, it's because it needs to stay cool and it's heavy.
That hasn't been generally true for a long time. The big chains spend a fortune deciding how their stores should be presented and optimising the layout of different products, and there is a lot of sophisticated analysis going on behind the scenes. There are certainly recurring themes in the results, but for example there are several major stores near me that have totally different layouts in many respects including all of the ones you mentioned, and it would be surprising if any of those differences was an accident. The stores don't run all those loyalty card schemes, nor rearrange their products from time to time, just for fun!
If in a "normal" grocery store trip you go through most of the store then of course you want to get refrigerated and frozen foods last, just before you go to the checkout. So they don't warm up too much.
By the way, frozen stuff is not all on the perimeter in my experience of US supermarkets. It's funny how something can be so mundane and everyday you never really look at it.