FAA rules require on all planes that the control stick takes more and more pressure to pull back as the plane approaches stall.
The 737 MAX doesn't meet this requirement, apparently it gets easier to pull the stick back as it approaches stall due to engine nacelles. This is what MCAS fixes, as the plane approaches stall, it adjusts trim to provide that extra back-pressure on the stick.
No amount of additional pilot training will allow the plane to fly without MCAS, because this is a hard rule and it's not certifiable without it.