Other commandments (though shalt not covet, etc) are concerned with materialism and greed. "Though Shalt Have No Other Gods Before Me" is pretty clearly about precisely what it says on the tin.
"Their end is destruction, their god is their belly, and they glory in their shame, with minds set on earthly things."
- Philippians 3:19
“You cannot slave for God and for Riches”
Riches is capitalized because it’s being personified as a competing god.
To see if that point is actually in the sources, you would need to go into Greek, or look for a good historic analysis of Gospel of Matthews.
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Ten commandments come from oral tradition, but most probably were written down at least a few hundreds years earlier (500 or 600BC)