I can tell you why. It's because you gave FB your personal phone number, while any number would work, e.g. a prepaid sim card (a one time 15 bucks expense).
I never gave Facebook my phone number.
I never had a Facebook app on any Android device, ever.
When I use Facebook, it's in a sandboxed browser that I never log into any other site with.
Facebook, for a time, started autofilling a prompt with my phone number, asking me to complete my account setup.
When Facebook has an app and all the people you know send their contacts to it, they don't need you to give them your phone number for them to have it.
I haven't looked into it recently, but it must be easy. Many games have SMS verification for accounts, and it seems that every person that streams those games has like 10 accounts.