introverted people are more likely to spend time indoor (away from the UV of sunlight) which lead to your observed correlation.
Less anecdotal evidence is prevalence of myopia in south-east Asia where people have more exposure to bright sun than in Europe.
My pet hypothesis about myopia is exposure to high glycemic food like white rice or white bread that simulate growth just little bit too much that is enough to develop the eye few microns too big and cause myopia. But that hypothesis also has a lot of issues.
There was a really interesting article on HN years ago about this, but I can't find it. The researchers suggested this effect was a good reason to mandate outdoor recess for children during the school day – maybe in Australia?
[0] https://insights.osu.edu/health/myopia
[1] https://www.thelancet.com/journals/ebiom/article/PIIS2352-39...