Doesn't the solution to your second question probably involve settling the debate on not making weapons at all, anyway. Which is the first question.
We don't stop people killing and harming each other by figuring out how to kill/harm them (or threaten to do so), by ever more powerful means.
We stop people killing each other by figuring out how to stop them (and us) wanting to do anything remotely like that in the first place.
Unless we change direction, we will end up where we're going.