To prevent the formation of feudalistic aristocracies. There's no difference between empowering bloodlines drawn from wealth or monarchy. You're still going to end up with incredibly corrupt and incompetent people running the show because they didn't earn their position -- they were born into it.
If you actually believe in meritocracy, why do you want to pass on your wealth to your children? If you do that, they won't be able to demonstrate their "individual ability or achievement."