2 lines in the parser: http://svn.php.net/viewvc/php/php-src/trunk/Zend/zend_langua...
The RFC (https://wiki.php.net/rfc/shortsyntaxforarrays) was actually rejected by the developers, I think it's only really been put in to appease large userland pressure. Find it rather amusing that a 2 change to the parser for an alias would be rejected on 'maintainability' grounds.