The things that you list as shortcuts aren't actually shortcuts, but the best tools for their respective jobs.

To put it differently: this is what renderers were aspiring to from the start, but couldn't quite reach initially in real world applications because if a severe lack of computing power. So, for the better part of three decades, computer graphics relied on ugly shortcuts that required laborious workarounds from skilled artists. With the right tools you just don't need a lot of them anymore.