That CNBC article is unbelievably misleading. If you dig into the sources, it links to the actual report [0] where they state that 80% of households paid federal income or payroll taxes:

> Remember, this reflects only those who pay no federal individual income tax. TPC estimates that while the number of households paying neither payroll nor income taxes also rose significantly, roughly 4 out of every 5 did pay one of these two taxes.

The trick is that "income tax" is used as a technical term in the headline, while the colloquial use of it is quite different (average readers would probably consider their payroll tax to be "income tax").

[0]: https://www.taxpolicycenter.org/taxvox/covid-19-pandemic-dro...