Fractional reserve banking existed in Europe a century or more before the the United States even existed, let along the Federal Reserve. And was not seen as fraudulent -- in that it was a common (not rare) practice, that people knew was going on and were happy to accept the notes. Central banks came into existence to regulate fractional reserve banking before the United States, let alone the Federal Reserve, existed either. the US Federal Reserve did not invent being a central bank.
Your way of seeing it differently is ahistorical, and strangely US-centric for a historical view of banking or currency.