I mean you do realize that many complex web apps use multiple frameworks for different things, right? Personally I don't like Java and haven't used spring, but take a modern web app and you could be using something like express/fastify, react + next, an ORM, a schema validator, and quite a bit of other domain specific pieces of functionality.

Ofc these aren't all "frameworks" in the traditional sense, but that line is often arbitrary and I think this interpretation of OP's usage of the word is the most generous one.