- Undertands simple ranges (e.g. "2022-04-01 to 2022-05-01").
- Understands relative ranges (e.g. "4 weeks ago to 2 weeks from now").
- Understands ranges to be expressed by omitting components (e.g. "2022" means "2022-01-01 to 2022-12-31").
- Has equivalent parsers for other human languages (e.g. switch to 'es_ES' and parse "hace 2 semanas").
The implementation of this would be programming-language specific, but the grammar of this language isn't even standardized, as far as I know.