It also reminds me of the Bussard ramjet, which I thought is considered ineffective due to creating more drag than thrust. Maybe the environment makes a difference?
I wonder if it'd be more effective to use antipodal ground transmitters to beam power up to the satellite, rather than the satellite using solar panels? Less concern about sCaRy high-power microwaves when aiming them from rather than at Earth, though it could still interfere with aircraft and unintended satellites in the cone of effect.