Obviously everyone's experience will be different but I think of a CS education more of treating computers like an abstract machine, not a physical one.
My computer science degree included courses on microprocessors, circuit design, logic, system architecture, etc. and I think that most rigorous CS programs would also include these.
This is it. It’s not going to tell you some deep technical details about how modern processors work, but it’s an extremely well-written introduction to low-level computer concepts that any moderately intelligent person can follow with no prior specialist knowledge, which is rare among nonfiction books. But still, it’s a popular science book, not a thorough technical treatise.
Also, probably a lot of people read it before university. I read it at age 16 or so and learned basically my entire framework for understanding what a computer is and does. I doubt someone with a rigorous computer engineering degree under their belt would learn anything specific, but it’s still a fantastic piece of writing and you might enjoy seeing a good explanation from first principles of how everything fits together.