With that said, my guess is that we'll probably have to take a few more hints from the biology of the brain before we are able to achieve "human level intelligence".
With that said, my guess is that we'll probably have to take a few more hints from the biology of the brain before we are able to achieve "human level intelligence".
A contemporary CPU and/or GPU is 'a bunch of connections that are pre-encoded' - just not in DNA, but in silicon.
No, CPUs/GPUs are not relevant if we are interested in the speed of learning in relation to the quantity of stimuli processed. You could even compute an ANN's learning algorithm with a pen and paper and it wouldn't change its "learning speed" within that definition. Pre-trained weights would.
Regardless, this head start is probably not sufficient to explain the disparity between the brain's capacity to learn and modern ANNs. ANNs are probably just not a very good approximation of how the brain works, for now at least.