* big companies have entire teams (internal and consultants) advising them on large changes in the name of productivity, cost reduction, whatever. These teams contrive metrics, KPI, and correlations, between what they do and the success of the business. These teams are paid bonuses, promotions, etc., based on these metrics they themselves contrive.
* small companies blindly do what the big companies do because surely these big companies know what they're doing
And everyone suffers. Except the people who implement this stuff. They probably have celebrations.