Might make sense for air travel and cross-ocean shipping. Time will tell if pure hydrogen or e-fuels are more economical.
Also works as a backup of last resort for power systems through power to gas/x.
Also works as a backup of last resort for power systems through power to gas/x.
Yep. The current mode of operation to simply trim the output of solar and wind in case of oversupply is an utter waste when the power could be used in power-to-gas plants.
You could also keep ICE engines in use without worrying about their carbon footprint. Excess renewable power turns into fuel to be used in cars, boats, trains (diesel electric freight cars), and airplanes.
Using this tech for off peak leveling on the grid might not be cost effective, but it can certainly be used to support the existing infrastructure we have to allow for a more graceful transitional period.
I have never seen an estimate on that, or a plant design detailed enough for extrapolating it. Do you know how those plants are built?
Hydrogen will be made from renewables by 2030.