They were paid to other retirees at the time. Some excess dollars were loaned to the government for general spending, which put Treasury bonds into the "social security trust fund." You in turn received credit that entitles you to receive similar payments when you retire, paid for by then-working taxpayers and by repayment of those bonds (which also comes from tax revenue.) As other posters mention, the democratically-elected government could change the law so you aren't paid those benefits: if that bothers you, you should avoid voting for politicians that want to change the arrangement.

Social Security taxes are just ordinary income taxes, no different than the rest of the income taxes you may have paid. It does not entitle you to anything.

This was settled by the US Supreme Court in 1960.

It's a tax. That money is spent and gone. You no longer have any claim on it. If you live long enough, you may get to claim tax money paid by other workers, but that has nothing to do with what you were taxed.

You don't have a "Social Security" balance that you can eventually withdraw from in retirement. SS taxes just go into the general government budget, and the future retirement benefits they are theoretically associated with can be modified or rescinded at any moment. The odds of any 20s-30s-year-old--who is currently contributing funds to the Social Security scheme--eventually receiving Social Security checks to the tune of those that boomers are receiving today is virtually zero. It is simply a fiscal impossibility.

They were just that, a tax to keep the government from defaulting.