https://www.irs.gov/individuals/international-taxpayers/freq...
<quote> 1. I’m a U.S. citizen living and working outside of the United States for many years. Do I still need to file a U.S. tax return?
Yes, if you are a U.S. citizen or a resident alien living outside the United States, your worldwide income is subject to U.S. income tax, regardless of where you live. However, you may qualify for certain foreign earned income exclusions and/or foreign income tax credits. Visit Publication 54, Tax Guide for U.S. Citizens and Resident Aliens Abroad, for additional information. </quote>
Typical case is when you work for a multi-national company and they send you to work in a different country for less than 183 days, you will keep paying taxes in your own country despite your legal employer is now the legal entity in the new country.
And if all you have is $10mm on your checking account but no income, you don't pay any taxes anywhere.
Wealth taxes are a thing too, e.g., in Switzerland.