This was taken by Robert Schwarz who's one of the more prolific winterovers and also spent a lot of his time down there perfecting his photography. A common project for folks down there is building camera boxes. Quite often we use things like old insulated medical crates (think scrap polystyrene) with some heating device inside. 5 days is doable - people often put cameras out for days to do timelapses - but the impressive thing here is the tracking. It's also taken in summer when it's not that cold.

The first problem is power. I have no idea where he got a hookup from that spot - I'd guess running a cable from BICEP (the closest dish with the mast on the roof). Then there's heating for the camera, which you can solve easily enough if you have power, but the real challenge is keeping the tracker moving. I guess if you somehow insulated the entire gear assembly you could do it.

I assumed it was just a 360 camera, but I have no idea how they kept it unfrozen.