The notion that it's impossible to figure out whether an advanced alien would think Afghanistan or the US have more advanced tech/research/science, is absurd. And if you can make that distinction, you can keep going.
To measure us, would they look at the capacity to produce tech or consume tech (they would probably be more interested in East-Asia than North-America)?
If they look at introducing themselves and communicate peacefully, what metrics would they look at to determine what society they want to deal with?
If they look for dominance, once again they would hit where we produce tech, and hit our means of communication, which are worldwide.
I feel like people in this thread don't watch enough Science Fiction. There are LOTS of situations where a species could trivially navigate the universe (Someone stole the technology and ran away with it, the people who invented the technology died a million years ago, they were gifted the technology by a superior race, or it was discovered by accident). Lots of possibilities out there.
Imagine being skipped over for first contact because your country invented "software patents", making itself uncompetitive... ;)