Are there any places in Europe where small homeowners get exposure to variably-priced electricity? I.e. is it just large commercial consumers who can take advantage of electricity priced below zero, or small players too?
Their SEG (feed in tariff) rates are also about 3x higher than anyone else offers. You can either go for a flat rate of 15p per kWh, or go on their flex tariff where your import and export rates rise and fall with the wholesale rate (up to the energy price cap of 34p per kWh import).
Because net metering is not a thing in the UK, it also means if you're getting solar it makes more sense to get a battery to cover nighttime usage, or to charge with cheaper off-peak energy, or to export shift to when you'll get more bang for your buck.
I know of one consumer who is on the balance market, and uses real time prices. He however is the exception, balance market is only for large customers. Cost to entry is prohibitive.