Actually this whole mess of chargebacks is precisely one thing that Bitcoin solves. As a merchant, once you receive a Bitcoin transfer, no one can reverse it or initiate a charge back.
1. Provides no way of reversing transactions.
2. Has a large enough mass that the currency is trusted.
3. Has a large enough mass that non-nerds can easily use the system.
The feds come in and want to shut it down because it provides a great avenue for the criminal element and con-artists. eGold is the prime example of this.
Also what you have just said applies to cash. In reality merchants who are not thieves will follow consumer regulations that all stores do.
(Obviously you're safe if EU/US/Russia/China can't get you because your service is in country that does not work with EU/US/Russian/Chinese law enforcement).
It would seem though that one would need a third party transaction 'escrow' (for lack of a better word) which could invalidate bitcoins should they be stolen.
Basically saying "this bitcoin transaction is valid, therefore these bitcoins of value x are valid"
If things are stolen, then you could disable those bicoins.
You literally have to think of bitcoins like real cash. I know that it feels unnatural at first, as usually everything you do software side on a computer is reversible, but that is not the case with the way bitcoins work. Everyone who runs the bitcoin client validates transactions and when a certain threshold is reached, the transaction is successful.
Therefore, to prevent the validation of transactions, you would have to run an astonishing number of clients which refuse validation.
The only way you could intercept stolen bitcoins at this point is, that the services which you can use to exchange bitcoins to dollars keep a db of stolen coins and prevent those from being cashed out.