The research on this is very mixed, and in many cases has found that remote workers are more productive than their office-bound counterparts. Anecdotally, I've found some organizations work great fully remotely, while others require in-person presence at least some of the time.

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41562-021-01196-4

https://bfi.uchicago.edu/insight/research-summary/time-savin....

https://academic.oup.com/qje/article-abstract/130/1/165/2337...

https://www.nber.org/papers/w31515