Threads + locks style heisenbug prone low-level programming is one possible avenue towards exploiting this, but its' notoriously difficult and a bad fit for Python's user base. Also, most parallelism is found on the GPU platforms.

The alternative road is to figure out how Python could automatically exploit parallelism in the underlying hardware, possibly in a way that would let it work on GPUs as well. The SIMT data-parallel way (seen in eg in ISPC, OpenCL, shader languages) is also more programmer friendly as it doesn't require the constant use of error probe synchronisation primitives. Or other HLL approaches in Jax, Futhark, etc.