As far as I understand, MPTCP works via a TCP option rather than a separate IP protocol number. To any normal firewall, the unknown option field shouldn't be cause for concern.
But also, plenty of stateful firewalls will strip unknown options. Here's how to enable Ciscos to forward it: https://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/support/docs/ip/transmission-c....
Edit: here's checkpoint: https://support.checkpoint.com/results/sk/sk114666
I'm not too surprised about Cisco and Checkpoint. I suppose corporate networks are intentionally always a pain when it comes to new protocols and features.